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 | | | fjä jeÿkq iuk,hdf.a j¾k iy yev;, | | ^,xld ial%Ska -2009'Tla'09&
^úch l=udrK;=x.hkaf.a 64 jeks ckau Èkh wog fh§ we;' fï ,smsh tA ksñ;af;ks'&
.dñKS f*dkafiald ,dxflah iskud ixialD;sh ;=< ±jeka; m%;srEmhla f.dvkÕd .ksñka fmdÿ ckhd w;r Èkd.;a wiSñ; ckm%sh;ajh ye;a;Ej oYlfha ueo Nd.h jkúg flfuka úch l=udr;=x. úiska Èkd.ksñka wiQj oYlh jkúg Tyq ͧ ;srfha ckm%sh;u k¿jd f,i jecUqKq whqre ±lsh yelsh' |
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| úch l=udrK;=x.g ish ckm%sh;ajh Èkd.ekSu flfrys Tyqf.a rEm iïm;a;sh fnfyúkau n,mEfõh' úch fj;ska ÈiajQ mshlre njg iu l< yels k¿jl= tod fuod;=r ,dxflah iskudj ;=< ìys fkdùh' úchf.a rEmhg fl;rï b,a¨ula ;snqfKao h;a ye;a;Ej oYlfha w. Nd.fha iy wiQj oYlfha uq,a Nd.h jkúg ckm%sh iskudfõ meje;au r|d meje;sfha Tyqf.a rx.k odhl;ajh u;h'
wiQj oYlfha § flfuka mßydksh lrd .uka lrñka isá iskud l¾udka;hg h<s m%dK jdhqj msôkakg úch w;HjYH mqoa.,hl= úh' yefÜ iy ye;a;Efõ oYlfha uq,a Nd.fha § ckm%sh iskudj ;=< fndlaia T*sia jd¾;d ;enQ .dñKs f*dkafiald idOkh wiQj oYlfha uq,a Nd.h jkúg úch l=udr;=x. njg m;aúh'
yefÜ oYlfha wjidk Nd.fha§ ydmqrd lshd iskudjg wj;S¾K jk úch" ish rej .=K m;=rjñka m%n, f,i ckm%sh m%;srEmh f.dvkÕd .kafka ,dxflah iskudfõ iaj¾Kuh wjÈh f,i ie,flk ye;a;Ej oYlfha§h'
yefÜ oYlfha w.Nd.fha§ ,dxflah iskudjg iudÔh keUqrejla tlalrñka" ye;a;Ej oYlh iaj¾Kuh wjÈhla njg m;a l< kj /,a,l mqfrda.dñhdjQ iq.;md, fikr;a hdmdf.a —yka;dfka l;dj˜ Tiafia fodrg jevïujQ O¾ufiak m;srdc" n¾á chfialr" n¾á .=Kfialr" úch O¾u Y%S" iaj¾Kdu,ajwdrÉÑ wd§ Ys,amSka lsysm fokd w;r úch l=udr;=x.o úh'
úch iskud k¿jl= f,i fodrg jeäfha kj iskudjl wreK¿ olsñka isá by; ±lajQ mqfrda.dó msßilf.a weiqf¾h' tu msßif.a mQ¾K odhl;ajfhka ìysjQ —yka;dfka l;dj˜ ;=< úYaj úoHd, ;reKhl= f,i úch bÈßm;a l< rx.kh iy tA Tiafia biau;= jqKq úchf.a rej kj iskudjla f.dvkÕkakg fmreï mqrñka isá ;reK iskudlrejkaf.a úfYaI wjOdkhg ,laù ;sìKs'
tfia jqjo ye;a;Ej oYlfha§ ìysjQ kj iskud m%fõ.hg iudka;rj ìysfjñka meje;s ckm%shjd§ iskud m%fõYh u.ska úch l=udr;=x. kue;s iqrEms ;reKhd veye.kq ,eìK' úchf.a mshlre uqyqK" /<s iys; fldKavh ye;a;Ej oYlfha fmïj;df.a iql=udr nj" fl<sf,d,a nj iy wkqrd.S nj m%lg lrk ,CIK úh' úchf.a fï YdÍßl ,CIK ia;%Ska wdl¾IKh lrjk m%n, idOlhla fukau fmdÿfõ ckm%sh ixialD;shl wjYH;djka imqrd,k lÈu idOlhla f,i ckm%shjd§ iskudlrefjda bfjka fuka y÷kd .;ay' tA wkqj ckm%sh iskudj Tiafia fmdÿ ck ixialD;sh ;=< ujk ,o isysk úð;j, lsre¿ me<|úh yels isysk l=url= yeáhg Tjqyq úch ÿgy'
w¨;a wdldrhl is;=ï me;=ï iys; kj iskudjlg fodr.=¿ újr lsÍfï wfmaCIdj fmr±ß fldg.;a iq.;md, fikr;a hdmd" O¾ufiak m;srdc jeks úpdrj;a msßila weiqf¾ ìysjqjo k¿jl= f,i by; lS isysk úð;h ;=< jecfUkakg tjlg ;reK uofhka u;aj isá úch" k¿ ks<shkakg jQ wdYdj n,j;a jQfhka Tyq ckm%shjd§ iskud/,af,a f.dÿrla njg m;aúh' tys m%;sM,hla f,ig —y;rfokdu iQrfha˜ - —to;a iQrhd wo;a iQrhd˜ —fï oEi l=ugo@˜ —wdof¾ ysf;kj ±lalu˜ —ysÕk fld,a,d˜ jeks ckm%sh Ñ;%mg Tiafia úch ߧ ;srfha iql=udr" Y+r ùr" ys;fyd|" wjxl fmïj;d njg m;aúh' úchf.a fï iql=udr nj fl;rï ÿrg fmdÿck ixialD;sh úiska weo ne| ;nd .;a; o h;a Tyq rÕmE z;=IdrdZ Ñ;%mgh tl È.gu iskud Yd,d lsysmhlu Èk 100 la blaujd m%o¾Ykh fjñka tf;la meje;s ish¨u wdodhï jd¾;d ì| oukakg iu;aúh' z;=IdrdZ tjlg Èk 100 la blaujd wdodhï jd¾;d ;enQ m%:u Ñ;%mgh jQ w;r tn÷ fndlaia T*sia jd¾;d ;enQ Ñ;%mghl m%Odk k¿jd úch ùu ksid ckm%shjd§ iskudlrefjda jv jvd;a úch fj; wdila; jQy' bkslaì;j tu iskudlrejka w;ska ksmojqKq Ñ;%mg Tiafia fmdÿck ixialD;sh ;=< Èkd.;a wiSñ; ckm%sh;ajh bÈßfha mskqï .iñka ziql=udrZ fmïj;d f,i È.ska È.gu jecfUkakg úch ;=< jqjo n,j;a Wjukdjla meje;s nj fmfkkakg ;sìK' tu Wjukdj miq mi ¨yqn¢kakg jQfhka pß;dx. k¿jl= ùfï Nd.Hh wNsnjd Tyq ߧ ;srfha ckm%shu z;rejZ njg m;aúh'
tf,iska mqrd jir 18 la uq¿,af,a úchg iqmsß ;rejla f,i jecfUkakg bv lv ie,iqKq w;r Tyq f.dvkÕd.;a ±jeka; m%;sremhg wNsfhda. l< yels k¿jl= tod fuod ;=r ìys fkdùu iskud l¾udka;fha meje;au flfrys n,mE ±ßh fkdyels mdvqjla úh'
18 jirla jQ úchf.a rx. N+ñldj ;=< Tyq rÕmE Ñ;%mg .Kk 110 la jQ kuqÿ pß;dx. k¿jl= yeáhg Tyqg iajlSh l=i,;djka wjÈ lrñka iy tA Tiafia ienE rx. m%;srEmhla f.dvkexúh yels jQfha Ñ;%mg w;f,diailska muKs'
tA wkqj f,iag¾ fÊïia mSßiaf.a zwyiska fmdf<djgZ zneoafoa.uZ iqñ;%d mSßiaf.a z.Õ woaorZ m;srdc t,a' tia' ohdkkaof.a zfi,skdf.a j,õjZ O¾ufiak m;srdcf.a zthd ±ka f,dl= <ufhlaZ nUre weú;a" ghsgia f;dgj;a;f.a zurejd iuÕ jdfiaZ jika; Tfífialrf.a zÈhuka;sZ iqks,a wdßhr;akf.a zfmdä u,a,SZ ;siai wfífialrf.a zlreulaldrfhdaZ zuyf.orZ wd§ Ñ;%mg ;=<ska úchg hï wdldrhl iajlSh rx. l=i,;d Wr.d n,kakg wjia:dj WodjQ w;r Tyqg w;mh È.yer rx. ld¾hfhys kshef,ñka úúO udkhkaf.ka tys Yla;sh m%lg lrkakg ,efnkafka Ñ;%mg ;=k y;rlska muKs'
1956 § f,iag¾ fÊïia mSßia zf¾LdjZ ksmoùfuka isÿ l< úma,jfhka wk;=rej ìysjQ z.ïfmr<shZ zfof,djla w;rZ zrkai¿Z zf.d¿ yoj;Z zksOdkhZ zidudZ zoyila is;sú,sZ zmri;= u,aZ wd§ Ñ;%mg Tiafia iajlSh rx. l=i,;d úysokakg .dñKS f*dkafiald" fgdaks rKisxy" mqKHd ySkafoksh" wkq,d lreKd;s,l" ud,skS f*dkafiald jeks k¿ ks<shkg Nd.Hh WodjQjd fiau úch l=udrK;=x.go ;u rx.kfha rej-.=K m;=rjkakg yelsjkafka yrj;a Ñka;khla f.dvkexùfuys ,d lemjqKq iskudlrejka w;f,diailf.a lD;s ;=<sks'
1974 § O¾ufiak m;srdc ks¾udKh l< zwyia.õjZ Ñ;%mgh f¾Ldfjka miq ,dxflah iskudj ;=< .eiQ fofjks le/,a, yeáhg úpdrl wjOdkhg ,laúh' ye;a;Ej oYlh ;=< fï rfÜ meje;s iudc - wd¾Ól iy foaYmd,k ;;a;ajh ;=< Tvq ÿjñka ;snQ ;reK mrmqf¾ ú/lshdj" wfmaCId Nx.;ajh we;=¿ m%Yak úIh lr.;a zwyia.õjZ fï rfÜ foaYmd,k iskudjlg fodr.=¿ újr lsÍula úh'
úchg pß;dx. k¿jl= yeáhg ydmqrd lshd l=i,;djka wjÈlrjkakg bjla mEfokafka zwyia .õjZ Ñ;%mgfha uy;=kaf.a pß;fhks' zwyia.õjZ Ñ;%mgfha ú/lshdfjka fmf<k ;reKhka fofokd Tjqkag iudch ;=< ysñ ;ek fkd,eîfï úmdlfhka md;d, l,a,shlg fldgq fj;s' tu ;reK Ôú; md;d,h úiska .s,.kakg ;;koa§ Tjqka fofokd flfrys ohdfjka n,kakg bÈßm;a jQ tlu mqoa.,hd uy;=kah' Tyq tlS ;reKhka fofokdf.a wdrCIdj fjkqfjka ks;ru fmkS isáfhah' iudc Yd,djl nd¾ lSm¾ yeáhg fiajh l< uy;=kaf.a pß;hg Ñ;%mgh ;=<ska ,enqKq iSñ; bv lv ;=< úch tu pß;hg idOdrKhla bgq lrkakg ±rE ;e; iM, ù ;sìK'
úchg ish rx. l=Y,;djka m%lg lrkakg B<Õ wjia:dj Wod jkafkao O¾ufiak m;srdcf.au znUre weú;aZ Ñ;%mgfhks'
mdrïmßl ëjr .ïudkhl wd¾Ól iïm; veye.kakg meñfKk kd.ßl kj OfkaIajr ksfhdað;hl=f.a p¾hdjka ;=<ska tf;la tys ëjrhka .; l< iduldó Ôú; Wvq hál=re l< whqre;a wjidkfha§ fmd,sishla fkdue;s tu fï ñksiqka md,kh lrkakg fmd,sishla tk whqre;a znUre weú;aZ Ñ;%mgh ;=,ska m%lg úh'
ëjr .ïudkfha m%d.aOkh veye.kakg tk kd.ßl ksfhdað;hd úlag¾ fíì uy;a;hd ^úch l=udrK;=x.& tu .ug meñfKkafka kj OfkaIajr mx;sfha ish¨ zwú wdhqOZ o mqrjd f.kh' Tyqf.a m%d.aOk wdêm;Hh m;s;ùug wjYH Ôma r:" fudag¾ fndaÜgq" ;=jlal=" msiaf;da, iy wfkl=;a kùk WmlrK muKla fkdj úials" n%ekaä we;=¿ by<u îu j¾.o Tyqf.a jdäh ;=< fjhs' tA ish,a, mdrïmßl ëjrhdf.a meje;aug wNsfhda.hg ,lalrk l=Kq ierj jqjo úlag¾ fíì uy;a;hdf.a rEm iïm;a;sh fnfyúka is;a.kakd iq¿ úh' ;reK uoh msgdr .,k Tyqf.a kd.ßl fmkqu ldka;djka ukn¢k iq¿ úh' úlag¾ uq,skau lrkafka ;u iqrEmS Ndjh;a m%d.aOk wdêm;Hfha n,h;a iQCIu f,i fhdod .ksñka tA .fï isá iqrEmS ;reKsh fy,ka ^ud,kS f*dkafiald& jiÕhg .ekSuhs'
úlag¾ fíì uy;a;hd fo wdldrhlska ëjr .ïudkfha meje;au Wvq hál=re lrhs'
1' ëjr .fï tf;la m%d.aOkh w;am;a lrf.k isá wekagka yd fjf<| ;r.hg jeo Tyq i;= n,h ish uqo,a yuqfõ mrdch lsÍu'
2' fy,ka jiÕhg .ekSfuka wef.a .fï fmïj;d uqyqKfok udkisl ;;a;ajh yuqfõ Tyqf.a wOHd;añl in|lï mqmqrjd yeÍu iy tA Tiafia Tjqkaf.a ixialD;sl jákdlï wNsfhda.hg ,la lsÍu'
úlag¾" wekagka iuÕ fjf<| ;r.hg tlajkafka ±kqj;ajuh' fy,ka jiÕhg .kafka tA Tiafia isÿúh yels m%;sl%shdjka ;U fodhs;=jlgj;a .Kka fkdf.kh' fy,ka jiÕhg .ekSu ;=<ska wef.a fmïj;d" isß,a mSvdjg m;a lsÍfï Wjukdjlao Tyq ;=< fkdúh' fy,ka iy isß,a w;r we;af;a fln÷ ne£ula ±hs is;kakg mjd Tyq fjfyiqfka ke;'
ish rEm iajNdjfhka m%sh f;mqf,ka oDIHudk jk úlag¾ ;=<u isák wjia:djd§ kd.ßlhdf.a iajNdjh tu pß;h mqrdu úisÍ mj;shs' úch tu pß;h fj;ska oDIHudk jk ndysr ,CIK fukau tA pß;h ;=< ieÕù .;a wd;aud¾:ldó wjia:djd§ mqoa.,hd iQCIu f,i y÷kd.;a nj fmfka' úlag¾ fj;ska Èiajk fï oajkaod;aul iajNdjh iQCIu f,i y÷kd.;a neúka úch znUre weú;aZ Ñ;%mgh ;=<ska m;srdc u;= lrkakg .sh oDIaáhg Ôjudk wre;la tla lrhs'
ckm%sh iskudlrejkaf.a w,af,a kegfjk rElvhla njg m;aj isá úch l=udr;=x. kue;s rx. Ys,amshdg ñksia Ôú;j, we;=,dka;h iQCIu f,i f;areï f.k pß;dx. rx.khg msúish yels nj znUre weú;aZ Ñ;%mgh ;=<ska ikd: lrkakg bvlv i,id ÿka O¾ufiak m;srdcu Tyqf.a zmdr Èf.aZ Ñ;%mgfha pkaof¾ kue;s mrdfrdams; ;reKhdf.a pß;h úchg msßkeóu Tyqf.a rx.k Ôú;h ;=< Tyq ,Enq úYd, Nd.Hhla úh'
.fuka k.rhg ixl%uKh ù" k.rfha Ôú;h u;=msáka je<|f.k" wjidkfha§ .fï;a k.rfha;a uq,a is÷Kq ;reKhl= jQ pkaof¾ tf;la ,dxflah iskudj ;=< olskakg fkd,enqKq wd.ka;=l pß;hls' pkaof¾ ld¾ iSia lrkakl= f,i fld<U k.rh ;=< .; lrk ðú;h fnfyúka ieye,a¨ njla fmkqko tA háka Èiajkafka ysia njls' ld¾ iSia lsÍulska b|ysg Wmhd .kakd uqo,ska Tyq k.rfha by<u iudcYd,djg jeo wä .ihs' iQÿ fl<shs' wkqkaf.a ld¾ b,a,df.k f.dia fmïj;sh iuÕ ijdß .ihs' j¾;udkhla ñi wkd.;hla Tyqg ke;' ;ud ksid .eí .kakd fmïj;shf.a .en kikakg wjYH uqo, tl;=lr .kakg fkdyels jQ ;ek Tyq tf;la tA i|ydu tl;=lr.;a uqo, /f.k f.dia iQÿ fl<shs' iQÿfjkao mrdch jk Tyq wjidkfha§ fmïj;sh iu. újdy fjhs'
bkak ysákakg ksYaÑ; jdiia:dkhla fyda ksYaÑ; wdodhï ud¾.hla fyda ke;sj újdyfhka miq hk tk ;ekla ms<sn|j fyda mQ¾j úksYaphla ke;sj isÿ flfrk újdyfhka wk;=rej Tyqf.a fmïj;sh fufia wihs'
zpkaof¾ wms ±ka fldfyao hkafka@z
zokafka kEZ Tyq lshhs'
zpkaof¾ wms ±ka fldfyo hkafkaZ weh h<s;a wihs'
zokafka kE'Z
ienúkau Tyqg fokakg ms<s;=rla ke;'
Tyq ;u fmïj;shf.a w;ska w,a,d f.k uyu. jdyk ;onohg tla fjhs'
pkaof¾f.a uqjg keÕ=Kq tu W;a;rfhka uQ¾;su;a flrefKa ye;a;Ej oYlfha§ biau;a;hg meñK" wiQj oYlh mqrd;a úys§ me;sÍ .sh ;reK mrmqf¾ wúksYaÑ; nj - Tjqka uqyqK ÿka iudc widOdrKh - iudch ;=< ;reKhkag ysñ ;ekla fkdue;s ùu wd§ idOl ;=<ska cks; jqKq tu mrmqf¾ wdOHd;añl j,au;a ùuhs'
pkaof¾f.a pß;h ;=< u;=msáka fmfkkakg ;sfnk ieye,a¨j - tA háka Èiajk wúksYaÑ; Ndjh - j,au;a ùfï iajNdjh ;=<ska ish¨ .;s ,CIK ishqï f,i y÷kd.ksñka úch tys,d bÈßm;a l< rx.kh Tyqf.a rx. Ndú;dfõ úYsIag;u M,hls'
jika; Tfífialrf.a zlevm;l PdhdZ Ñ;%mgfha Okr;ako úchf.a pß;dx. ksrEmkfhka úYsIAg m< orkakg uÕ mdod ÿkakls'
Okr;ak keue;s fjf<| jHdmdßlhl= w;ska flf,ik kkaod keue;s ;reKshl" tA ksid wef.a újdyfhka miq uqyqKfok úúO ye,yemamSï fukau Tyq w;ska isÿjQ je/oaog úmdl jYfhka wjidkfha§ kkaodf.au weisâ myrlg ,laj ñhhk wkaou;a zlevm;l PdhdZ Ñ;%mgfha uQ,sl mqj; f,i Èiaúh'
Okr;ak" Tyq w;ska kkaodg isÿjQ jro h<s h<s isys lrñka uy;a fõokdjla úkafoah' jro isÿù fudfyd;lg miqj Tyq ;=< we;sjkafka ±ä mYapd;a;dmhls' tu jrog jkaÈ f.ùula yeáhg Tyq w;ska hq;=lï rdYshlau weh fjkqfjka bgqfjhs' Tyq tu hq;=lu bgq lf<a ;ud l< mdmfhka .e,ùfï u.la yeáhg fkdj ienE ukqIH .=K we;s mqoa.,hl=f.a .=K iqj| m;=rjñks'
;uf.ka isÿjQ jro ksid Okr;akf.a pß;h uqyqKfok fõokdj - mYapd;a;dmh Tyq flfrka m< flfrk ukqIH .=K wd§ ish¨ .;s ,CIK ishqï Ndjhka Tiafia W;al¾Ihg kxjñka úch l< ishqï rx.kh ksid Okr;ak woñgqjl= fyda oñgqjl= fyda fkdj f,a uia we;s ienE ukqIHl= f,i fm%aCIlhd y÷kd .kS'
úchf.a tu pß; ksrEmkh fjkqfjka lsishï iïudk Wf<,l§ Tyqg úYsIAg k¿jd iïudkh msßkuk wjia:dfõ§ Tyq ðj;=ka w;r fkdisáfhah' úch ckm%sh;ajhg m;ajkakg mgka .;aod isg ñh hk ;=reu iEu jirlu iEu iskud iïudk Wf<,l§u ckm%sh k¿jd f,i iïudkfhka msÿï ,enqfõh' zmdr Èf.aZ Ñ;%mgfha pkaof¾f.a N+ñldj fjkqfjka Tyqg fyd|u k¿jd f,i iïudkhla msÈh yelsj ;snQ kuqÿ tA rx.kfha ishqï Ndjh f;areï.; yels msßila tod iïudk Wf<,j,a j, cQß iNdj, fkdisáhy'
úch ckm%sh k¿jd yeáhg fkdj fyd|u k¿jd yeáhg iïudkhla ysñ lr.ekSfï wdYdfjka miqjQfhah' tfy;a Tyqf.a wdidj ish ðú; ld,fha§ bgq lr.kakg úchf.a >d;lhka bv ÿkafka ke;'
úch >d;kh lrk úg" by; wm idlÉPd l< pß; lsysmhla Tiafia f,a uia we;s pß; ;=<ska ukqIH;ajfha .=K iqj| m;=rjñka tu .=K iqj| úYsIag whqßka ienE Ôú;h ;=<o m;=rjñka foaYmd,{hl= yeáhgo mßK; Ndjhlg <Õd fjñka isáfhah'
wdrïNfha§ u,a .ia jfÜ ÿj ÿjd isxÿ lshñka kegQ k¿jl=" iskud ;=<ska w;am;a lr.;a ckm%sh;ajh iy wk;=rej foaYmd,k{hl= iy ñksil= jYfhka m;=rejk ,o .=K iqj| bÈßfha ;e;s.;a ìh.=¿ foaYmd,k n,fõ. uÕska Tyq wuq wuqfõ urd ±óu ,dxflah iskudjg muKla fkdj foaYmd,k fCIa;%hgo isÿjQ ±ßh fkdyels mdvqjls'
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