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 | | | mqoa., m%;srEmh neyer l< rx. Ndú;h - fgdaks | | ^,xld ial%Ska -2009'cqks'18&
fgdaks rKisxy kue;s rx.Orhd i;=j ;snq wmq¾j lvjiï uqyqK ,dxflah iskud ixialD;sh ;=< iqmsß z;rejla Z f,i jecfUkakg ;snq by<u idOlh úh' fgdaks fldhs;rï lvjiï k¿fjl= o h;a tjlg Tyq iuÕ rÕmEu ;uka ,enq Nd.Hhla f,i tod Tyqf.a iuld,Sk ks<sfhda ie,l+y' iaj¾Kd u,a,j wdrÉÑ jeks úYsIag rx.Odßkshl mjd fgdaks iuÕ rÕmdkakg ,eîu úYd, Nd.Hhla fldg ie,l= nj weh m%ldY lrhs' |
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| b¢ka ߧ ;srfha iqmsß z;rejlaZ f,i nenf<kakg by< iqÿiqlï ;snq fgdaks tu z;reZ ixl,amh m%;sfCIam fldg pß;dx. rx.kh flfrys muKla wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu ksid Tyq ckm%sh;ajfhka wE;alrkq ,eîh'
wd;¾' hQ ' wurfiakf.a ud¾.fhka 1958 § isßfiak úu,ùrf.a zmqxÑ wïudZ kue;s Ñ;%mgfhka fgdaks iskud rx.kh i|yd jrï ,enqj o tu Ñ;%mgh w;r uÕ wekeysáfhah' bka miqj fgdaks" iq.;md, o is,ajdf.a zfndaäxldrfhdaZ kdgHfhka fõÈld k¿jl= f,i fodrg jeãu" pß;dx. k¿jl= jYfhka rx.kh iïnkaOfhka lsishï mßphla ,eîfï Nd.Hh Wodlr .ekSula úh' furg ;d;aúl kdgH iïm%odfha Wm; f,i ie,flk zfndaäxldrfhdaZ f.ka miqj isxy, fõÈldj yryd me;sr.sh m%fndaOh yuqfõ tu iïm%odhg wh;a ire kdgH wiajekakl m%;sM, yeáhg zyßu nvq yhla Z - z;Ügq f.j,a Z- zrkaf;davqZ jeks ks¾udK ìys úh' ta ish¨ kdgH ;=< rÕmEfuka fgdaks ,enq mßph fld;rï o h;a 1963 § zrkaf;davqZ kdgHfhka fyd|u k¿jd f,i wNsfIal ,nkakg Tyqg yelsúh'
iq.;md,o is,ajd zfndaäxldrfhda Z ksIamdokh lrk ld, jljdkqj ;=< idys;Hfha - iskudfõ - k¾;kfha - Ñ;% l,dfõ we;sj ;snq m%fndaOh ;=< úoaj;a l;sldjla ìysù ;sìKs' fï úoaj;a l;sldj f.dv kÕkakg odhl jq msßi w;r zwfma lÜáhZ o úh' zwfma lÜáhZ hkq iq.;md, o is,ajd we;=¿ tjlg õoaj;a l;sldjl ±kqj;a fldgialrejka jq ;reKhkaf.ka ieÿï,;a ks, fkdjq l,d ixúOdkhls' kdfu,a ùruqks" úl%u fndaf.dv" isß,a ' î' fmf¾rd" O¾uisß úl%ur;ak" mshisß kd.yj;a;" Ô 'ví' iqf¾kaø" /f,laia rKisxy jeks tjlg ixialD;sl ;,fha fmr<sldr ;reKhkaf.a újD; ixjdoj,ska úúO ixialD;sl l%shdoduhkaf.ka zwfma lÜáhZ fmdaIKh úh' fgdaks rKisxy pß;dx. k¿fjl= f,i ye§ jefvkafka tn÷ ixialD;sl l%shdoduhl ±kqj;a fldgialrejka weiqf¾h' ta weiqßka m%udKj;a {dK iïNdrhla w;am;a lr .ksñka rx.khg msúiSu ksid fgdaksg z;re ix.%duhgZ ueÈ fkdù ish rx. fm!reIh j¾Okh lr .ekSfï bvlv ie,fihs'
zmqxÑ wïudZ Ñ;%mgh w;ruÕ wekysàfuka miq fgdaksg z.ïfmr<shZ Ñ;%mgfha n,odi f,i iskud rx.khg msúfikakg jrï ,efnkafka zfndaäxldrfhda Z kdgHfha rx.kh ksiduh' zwfma lÜáfha Z weiqr iuÕska miq z.ïfmr<shZ jeks Ñ;%mghla ;=<ska iskud rx.khg tlaùug ,eîu o fgdaks ,nk ch.%yKhla jkafka f,iag¾ fukau z.ïfmr<shZ Ñ;%mgh yokakg odhljq msßi;A úoaj;a ixialD;sl l;sldjl fldgialrejka ùuhs' Tjqkaf.a weiqr o fgdaksf.a k¿ Wmf;a iqcd; Ndjh m%lg lrkakls'
z.ïfmr<shZ Ñ;%mgfhka wk;=rej z.egjrfhda Z ^1964&" ielh ^1965&" ziekiqu fld;ekoZ ^1960&" zisysk y;laZ ^1966&" we;=¿ Ñ;%mg Tiafia ish rx.kh ms<sn| úêu;a mokula ilialr .kakd fgdaksg ydmqrd iajlSh rx. l=i,;d úysÿjd m;=rjd yßkakg bvlv ie,fikafka o f,iag¾ f.a zfof,djla w;rZ ^1966& Ñ;%mgfhks'
f,iag¾f.a zfof,djla w;rZ Ñ;%mgh Tyqf.a iskud Ndú;dfjys iqúfYAIu ks¾udKh jkafka tys rEmuh NdIdj iy iskud úhrKh iïnkaOfhka f,iag¾ ;=< meje;s ksmqK;ajh Wr.d n,kakg l< ks¾udKhla f,i Èiajk neúks' tu wNsm%dh ksidu ta ;=<g m%n, jD;a;dka;hla we;=<;a lr fkd.kakd f,iag¾ tys pß; uqyqK fok udkisl .egqï fj; ish leurdj t,a, lrhs'
kd.rsl by< uOHu mka;shlg wh;a ;reKhl= jk ksYaYxl tu mka;shu ksfhdackh lrk ;reKshl jk Ysrdks iuÕ újdy .súif.k we;' fï w;r rd;%s iudc Yd,djloS ksYaYxlg úYaj úoHd, Ôú;fhaoS weiqre l< hqj;shla yuqfjhs' ? fndajQ miq Ñ;%d f.or yer,kakg weh ish fudag¾ rshg kxjd.kakd ksYaYxlf.a ßhg îu;a ñksil= hgù ñh hhs' ta wjia:dfõ ìhg m;a jk ksYaYxl m,d .sho Tyqf.a yDo idCIsh Tyqg jo fokakg fjhs' ksYaYxlf.a mshd f.or jevldr fld¨jd tÈk ßh meojq nj fmd,sishg lshd ksYaYxl fírd .kakg yohs' iudc Yd,djl isá hqj;shl iu. uy ? fudag¾ ßhl keÕ wjq;a ñksil= hg l< isoaêha Ysrdksf.a foudmshkag m%YaKhla fjhs' ksYaYxlf.a mshd" jevldr fld¨jdg Bg mg,jkakg hkafka ta wmjdofhka ksYaYxl fírd .ekSugh' fï w;r Ñ;%d ksYaYxlf.a ìh.=¨lu fy,dolS' fof,djla w;rg ueÈjk ksYaYxl wjidkfha § fmd,Sishg hhs'
ksYaYxl ueÈ jq udkisl .egqu ksrEmKh lsÍu fgdaksg mejereKq j.lSu úh' Ñ;%mgfha uq¿ nru r|d meje;sfha tu pß;h uqyqK ÿka udkisl .egqu u;h' fgdaks uq¿ nru lrg .ksñka tu pß;h i;= uOHu mdx;sl fÉIagdjka wOHhkh lrñka ;u uqyqKq ksYaYxlf.a uki lsheùfï levm;la njg m;alr.kS' Tyq th fldhs;rï úYsIag f,i bgq l<d o h;a fgdaksf.ka f;drj tu pß;h ksrEmKh l< yels wka lsisjl= ms<sn| is;d.; fkdyels ;rñh'
iq.;md, fikr;a hdmdf.a zyka;dfka l;djZ Ñ;%mgh o fgdaksf.a rx. N+ñldfjys tla me;slv;a újr lsÍuls' tys tk wkqr .fuka úYaj úoHd,hg wjq;a úYaj úoHd,fha ckm%sh fm%auh yuqfõ ux uq,djkafkls' Tyq .fuka Wreu fldg.;a jákdlï úYaj úoHd, ixialD;sh ;=< wNsfhda.hg ,lafjhs' Tyqg úYaj úoHd,fha ckm%sh fm%auh y÷kd.; fkdyelsh' tfyhska Tyq ish úYaj úoHd, fmïj;sh jq iqNdf.a pßhdjka f.ka mSvdjg m;afjhs' wkqrf.a idïm%odhsl is;=ï me;=ï iy p¾hdjka o YsIHhskaf.a iskyjg ,lafjhs' Tyqg úYaj úoHd, YsIHhskaf.a p¾hdjkag yqreùugo fkdyelsh' tfyhska Tyq wdOHd;añlj j,au;a fjhs' fï j,au;aùu ishqïj jgyd .kañka fgdaks ishqï rx. ld¾hhl ksr; fjhs' zyka;dfka l;djZ Ñ;%mgfha fiiq k¿ ks<shkaf.a rx.khkaf.ka fgdaksf.a rx.kh biau;=j fmfkkafka Tyq tn÷ ishqï rx.khl fhÿkq neúks'
f,iag¾f.a zwyiska fmf<djgZ Ñ;%mgfha § o fgdaksg ,efnkafka Zfof,djla w;rZ È fukau ;u ìß|f.a p¾hdjka ksid ú¢kakg isÿ jq udkisl .egqulg uqyqK ÿka mqoa.,hl=f.a pß;hls' th ir;a kue;s ffjoHjrhl= ms<sn|jh' ir;a ffjoHjrhl= jqjo mj;sk iudchg wd.ka;=lhls' ksrka;rfhkau ;u we;=¿ yoj;g jeo Èú f.jq fï wd.ka;=lhd f.a ufkdaNdjhka fm%alaIlhdg ióm l< yelafla ta uki lsheúh yels ishqï rx. ld¾hhla u.sks' tys§ o fgdaks - ir;a kue;s ffjoHjrhdf.a uki lsheúh yels wmQ¾j rx.khl fhfokafka ta pß;h i;= iQCIu;djka ish mßl,amkh Tiafia ksis f,i y÷kd .ksñks'
úch O¾uY%S f.a zÿyq¿ u,laZ Ñ;%mgfha § o fgdaks" iqf¾kaø kue;s újdyl mqreIhl=f.a= udkisl mSvdj wmQ¾jg Ñ;%Kh lrhs' rdcldÍ Ôú;h ;=< fldgqjq Ôú;hla .; lrk iqf¾kaøg ish ìß| ksÆmd fjk;a ;reKhl= iu. we;slr .kakd iïnkaO;djhla ms<sn|j lk jeflhs' ksÆmd flfrys Tyq olajk wmuK úYajdih u; th fkdwoykakg Tyq W;aidy l< o Èkla Tyqf.a weia folskau ksÆmd ;reKhl= iu. fudag¾ ßfha keÕS hk whqre ±l Tyq uy;a Ñ;a; mSvdjg m;a fjhs' Tyq jyd gelaishl keÕS f.or tk úg;a ksÆmd f.or meñK fkdisàfuka Tyqf.a udkisl mSvdj jvd;a m%n, fjhs' Tyq fkdbjis,af,ka n,d isákafka ksÆmd f.or tk f;lah' fuys§ iqf¾kaøf.a Ñ;a; mSvdj jvd;a ;sj%r lrk wdldrfhka iudc Yd,djl fõ. ßoau .Shla .efhk rEmhla iqf¾kaøf.a udkisl .egqu W;al¾Ihg kexfjhs' fuu wjia:dfõ§ fgdaksf.a uqyqfKa ±lafjk wNskhka w;sYhskau ishqïh' ta wNskhka iqf¾kaøf.a pß;h yd w;Hka;fhka ne÷kls' iqf¾kaø jeks ksy~" ;ekam;a uki;a we;a;l= fldamh yd fõokdj m%ldY lrkafka fjkia wdldrhlgh' iqf¾kaøf.a pß;hg wdfõKsl jQ ksis Ndjuh m%ldYkhka fï wjia:dfõ§ fgdaks flfrka m, fjhs'
fgdaksf.a iuia: rx. Ndú;dj ;=< Tyqf.a woaú;Sh rx.kh f,i biau;=jkafka zmjqre j<¨ Z Ñ;%mgfha úhm;a ñksil= f,i Tyq bÈßm;a lrk N+ïldjhs' fï úhm;a ñksid rg rgj, weúo frda.S ;;a;ajhlg f.dÿrej fmr<d" ujq rgg meñK ish mereKs fmñj;shg ,shqula hjkafka fm%auh ms<sn| Tyqf.a w;S; u;l iqj| h<s wjÈùu ksidh' Tyq yuqjkakg tk weh Tyqf.a frda.S ;;a;ajh ±l lïmdfjhs' ;udf.ka lsishï jrola Tyqg isÿù hehs wef.a is; fodia lshhs' jyd Tyq f.or leojdf.k f.dia id;a;= imamdhï lsÍfï §" Tyq;a weh;a w;r we;sjk udkqIsl ne£u bjqre;,d f.dia wjidkfha wUqieñ fm%auhla olajd j¾Okh ùfuka wef.a l=gqïNhg .sks weúf,hs' ta .sks ueo wef.a ieñhdf.a;a ¥jrekaf.a;a ks.%yhg md;%fjñka ta ksji ;=< Tyq .;lrk Èúh fnfyúka mSvdldÍ úh' ta msvdj ueo Ôj;aùu i|yd Tyq úiska ÈhqKqlr.;a ukd ixhuh fgdaksf.a mßK; rx. Ndú;h ;=< ukdj Ñ;%Kh fjhs'
úhm;a ñksil= yd úhm;a .eyekshl w;r we;sjk fuu udkqIsh ne£u" Tjqka ;=< wjÈjk fm%auh" weka;ka fpfldÉ f.a zn,a,d iuÕ hk ldka;djZ ;=< tk wkakdi¾f.õkd iy .=frdõ w;r yg.;a ne£u isys .kajk wmQ¾j Ndjuh w;a±lSuls' .=frdõ o fm%auh ksis f,i y÷kd .kafka Tyqf.a ysfiys kr flia u;=jkakg mgka .kakd úfhys §h' fofokdu újdylh' tfyhska újdy nkaOkh ;=< Tjqfkdjqka w;r ,sh,k fm%auhg wjldY ke;' tfy;a iïu;fha zmjqre j<¨Z ì|f.k fm%auh bjqre ;,d .,d niS' fï wmQ¾j ñksia oyu zmjqre j<¨Z Ñ;%mgh Tiafia W;al¾Ihg kexùu i|yd wOHCI m%ikak ú;dkf.a ord we;s m%h;akh w;sYhskau id¾:l jkafka kSgd m%kdkaÿf.a fukau fgdaks rKisxyf.ao w;sYh ishqï Ndj m%ldYkh ;=<skah' th fgdaks iajlSh jHq;am;a;sfhka m%.=K lr.;a .eUqre ixfõ§ Ndj ksrEmKhls' tn÷ ixfõ§ rx. ,S,djla ,dxflah iskudfõ uE; b;sydih ;=<u olskakg fkd,efí'
fgdaksf.a úYsIag rx.khka biau;= jq pß; ish,a,u W.% udkqisl .egqï j,g ueÈ jQ" tfia;a ke;skï wdOHd;añlj j,au;a jQ mqoa.,hka ms<sn|j úh' tn÷ pß;j,g wdfõKsl jq .;s meje;=ï ukdj .%yKh fldg .ksñka" Tjqkaf.a wNHka;r Ñ;a; iajNdjhka" w÷re wdOHd;auhka y÷kd fkdf.k id¾:l rx.khl fhÈh fkdyelsh' tys§ ishqï Ndjd¾: iajlSh uqyqfKka m%ldY l< yels" iskud leurdjg .e,fmk uqyqKla k¿jl= fyda ks<shl i;= ùu Tyqg fyda wehg ,efnk iqúfYaI jrm%idohls' Nd.Hhls' tu Nd.Hho fgdaks ;=< fkdwvqj mj;S ' fgdaks rÕmE úYsIag pß; j,È ishqï w¾: ±keùfï m%Odk WmlrKh jQfha Tyqf.a iqúfYaI NdjmQ¾K uqyqKhs'
by; lS ixlS¾K pß; id¾:lj ksrEmKh lsÍfï§ fgdaks flfrys n,mE wfkla m%Odk jdish jQfha rÕmEu ms<sn| kHdhd;aul wjfndaOhla Tyq i;= ùuhs' ckm%sh;ajh Èkd.ekSfï z;reZ ix.%duhg ueÈ jkjd fjkqjg fgdaks lf<a f,dj iïNdjH lD;s lsheùu iy rx.kh ms<sn| ,shejqKq fmd; m; yeoEÍuhs'fYalaIamsh¾f.a lD;s flfrys iqúfYaI Nla;sfhka miqjk fgdaks fYalaIamsh¾ kdgH lsysmhlau isxy, fõÈldjg f.k wdfõh' rx.kh iïnkaOfhka fgdaks olajk wdl,am fun÷h'
zzuu ys;kakE iajNdúl rÕmEu lsh,d fohla ;sfhkjd lshd' fõÈldjl fyda fg,s kdgHhl fyda iskud rx.khl fyda fhfok k¿jd lrkafka tla;rd wkaoul ueùula' fldmuK iajdNdúl hehs ye.S .sh;a yeu rÕmEulu ffY,s.; njla ;sfnkjd' fidrl=f.a ke;akï fld,a,lrejl=f.a pß;hla ksrEmKh lrk úg wm okakd y÷kk" ke;akï ±l mqreÿ fidrekaf.a" uxfld,a,lrejkaf.a pß;" .;s iajNdjhka Bg wdfrdamKh lrkak .sfhd;a fudlo fjkafka@ iïmQ¾K wkqlrKhlsÍula' wkqlrKh rÕmEula fkdfjhs' rÕmEfï§ flfrkafka ixfla; uÕska hï wjia:djla fyda isÿùula iÔúlrKh ùuhs' ^iriúh 1989'11'16&
fgdaks ;ud rÕmdk pß;hg wdfõKsl jq .;s ,CIK j,g msáka wkjYH fm!reIhla tu pß; u; wdfrdamKh lrñka mqoa., m%;srEmhla f.dvkÕd .kakg W;aidy fkdl< rx.Orfhls' tla w;lska Bkshd zckm%shZ m%;srEmhlska hqla;jqjl= f,i fgdaks wo tla;rd ksyeçhdjl .s,S isákqfha tn÷ mqoa., m%;srEmhla f.dvkÕd .kakg W;aidy fkdlsÍfï zúmdlhlaZ jYfhks' kuq;a ta zúmdlhgZ f.dÿre ùu fgdaks wj{dfjka neyer lrhs' Tyq ckm%sh;ajh olskafka fufiah'
z ckm%sh;ajh fyd| k¿jl=g wjYHu fohla fkdfjhs Z
tla w;lska n,k úg fuh wd;au jxpksl m%ldYhla f,i flfkl=g yeÕS hd yelsh' tfy;a fgdaksf.a m%ldYfhys i;H wi;H;dj jgyd .; yelafla Tyqf.a rx. Ndú;dj ishqïj j. úNd. lrkakl=gh'
fgdaks rKisxyf.a Ñ;%mg kdudj,sh
^1& .ïfmr<sh - 1963 ^2& .egjrfhda - 1964 ^3& ielh - 1965 ^4& iekiqu fld;eko - 1966 ^5& isysk y;la - 1966 ^6& fof,djla w;r - 1966 ^7& lsxlsKs mdo - 1966 ^8& mri;=u,a - 1966 ^9& ukud,fhda - 1967 ^10& rkai¿ -1967 ^11& iefvd,a l÷¿ - 1967 ^12& jika;s - 1967 ^13& isÕs;s iqr;,a - 1968 ^14& yex.s fydrd - 1968 ^15& b÷ks, - 1968 ^16& oyila is;=ú,s - 1968 ^17& wdorjka;fhda - 1969 ^18& kdß,;d - 1969 ^19& yßuÕ - 1969 ^20& m%fõiï jkak - 1969 ^21& yka;dfka l;dj - 1969 ^22& fmakjd fkao@ - 1970 ^23& l<K ñ;=frda - 1971 ^24& iuk< l=ußfhda - 1971 ^25& wdof¾ ysf;kjd ±lalu - 1972 ^26& f.dm¿ y~ - 1973 ^27& y;aÈkak;a ;re - 1973 ^28& fyd|hs krlhs - 1973 ^29& Èkqï lKqj - 1974 ^30& YS,d- 1974 ^31& id.ßld - 1974 ^32& jia;=j - 1974 ^33& ys; fyd| ñksfyla - 1975 ^34& l,shq. ldf,a - 1975 ^35& wdjd fidhd wdof¾ - 1975 ^36& fldals,fhda - 1975 ^37& iQrhd iQrhduhs - 1975 ^38& j,au;a jQfjda - 1976 ^39& ÿyq¿ u, - 1976 ^40& f,dal fydre - 1976 ^41& wdYd - 1976 ^42& Wkak;a odyhs u<;a odyhs - 1976 ^43& yq,jd,s - 1976 ^44& Tkak udfï fl,a, mekms - 1976 ^45& fohshkaf.a ;Skaÿj - 1976 ^46& ux.,d - 1976 ^47& wdofrhs ux wdofrhs - 1976 ^48& il=ka;,d - 1977 ^49& fmïnr uOq - 1977 ^50& is;l iqj| - 1978 ^51& uOqjka;s - 1978 ^52& ys;ñ;=rd - 1978 ^53& idrd - 1978 ^54& wyiska fmd<jg - 1978 ^55& tl ys; - 1978 ^56& iqNdks - 1979 ^57& kqjka f¾Kq - 1979 ^58& W;=udfKks - 1980 ^59& iirl me;=ï - 1980 ^60& mß;Hd.h - 1980^61& nUr myi - 1980 ^62& .Õ woaor - 1980 ^63& uhqßf.a l;dj - 1980 ^64& rka t;kd - 1981 ^65& neoafoa.u - 1981 ^66& ihqre f;r - 1981^67& jd,ïmqß - 1981 ^68& id.rhla ueo - 1981^69& nd÷rd u,a - 1981 ^70& iudjkak - 1981 ^71& ? ukud,s - 1982 ^72& fm;s f.daur - 1982 ^73& u,g fkdtk nUre - 1982 ^74& hy¿ fhfy<s - 1982 ^75& i|ud,s - 1983 ^76& l,shq.h - 1983 ^77& iuq.ksï ud ieñhks - 1983^78& iuk, isysk - 1983 ^79& fldals,d - 1984 ^80& iir fÉ;kd- 1984 ^81& udhd - 1984 ^82& wdor l;dj - 1985 ^83& iqÿ udud - 1985 ^84& fldá j,s.h - 1986 ^85& cfka,h - 1986 ^86& i;H .%yKh - 1987 ^87& isis, .sks.kS- 1992 ^88& l=,f.h - 1992 ^89& ima; lkHd - 1993 ^90& wjr.sr - 1995 ^91& ÿjl ujl ñi - 1997 ^92& ;rKh - 1997 ^93& idú;%Sf.a rd;%sh- 1997 ^94& weh Tng ndrhs- 1998 ^95& mjqre j<¨ - 1999 ^96& fldf<dïmQ¾ - 1999 ^97& ifrdacd - 2000 ^98& wkqrd.fha wkka;h - 2000 ^99& lsKsysßhd u,a - 2001 ^100& wef.a rd;%sh- 2001 ^101& if,¨ jru - 2002 ^102& f,a lsß l÷¿ - 2003 ^103& fid÷re ovìu - 2003 ^104& Èh hg .skaor - 2004 ^105& rkaÈh oyr - 2004
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